View source for Buoyant destabilization in wet granular media & non-Newtonian flows

An immersed granular bed can be destabilized using local thermal forcing and induced buoyant force. 
The experimental apparatus consists of a rectangular PMMA box locally heated from below.
The granular material (polystyrene spheres) is initially placed into the box and slowly settles down.

The destabilization is evidenced by the triggering and establishment of a dense granular plume. 

Varying the granular layer height, time series of the free layer surface are extracted, to compute the underlying volume of the granular layer. 
The initial interface deformation, the plume emission,  the final craterization and the cave formation
are observed, simulated using continuous media approach  & analyzed.

See  

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eUxOmE_2WDs

and 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RtzR5lBkacw&t=21s


{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
|+ Experiment & Numerical Simulation of the destabilization of a wet granular layer.  
|-
|{{#widget:YouTube|id=eUxOmE_2WDs|width=400|height=250}}
|{{#widget:YouTube|id=RtzR5lBkacw|width=300|height=250}}
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<center> LEFT : Experiment - RIGHT : DNS coupling ''laplacianFoam'' and ''interFoam''. </center>



=== Participants === 

Eric Herbert, [http://www.fast.u-psud.fr/~morize/  Cyprien Morize] (FAST),  Aurélie Louis–Napoléon,  [http://svi.cnrs.fr/spip/spip.php?article63&lang=en Pierre Jop] (SVI), Christophe Goupil, Edouard Kaminski (IPGP) and Yves D’Angelo.